Cardiology - For a healthy heart
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Cardiologyis a branch of internal medicine and deals with the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system. A specialist in cardiology (cardiologist) specializes in the heart, its function, its diseases and the associated blood vessels.
Diagnoses and treatments in cardiology
What does the specialty of cardiology involve?
Cardiology deals with a wide range of diseases, including:
Disease patterns (selection)
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction
- Cardiac arrhythmia (e.g. atrial fibrillation)
- Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Heart valve diseases
- Congenital and acquired heart defects
Diagnostics (selection)
- Electrocardiology (ECG: rest, stress, long-term)
- Echocardiography (ultrasound. also 3-D and swallowing echo)
- Cardiac catheter examinations (angiography, stent implantations)
- Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT)
- Long-term blood pressure measurement
- Laboratory diagnostics
Treatments (selection)
- Drug therapy
- Defibrillation and implantations (pacemakers, defibrillators)
- Stent implantations
- Minimally invasive procedures (interventional cardiology)
- Heart valve repair/replacement (often in collaboration with heart surgery)
Incidence and mortality of cardiological diseases
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of death in many countries. The frequency and mortality rates vary considerably from country to country and region to region.
Frequency of cardiological diseases
- Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide and also in many industrialized countries, including Germany and Switzerland.
In Germany, cardiovascular diseases (such as CHD, heart attack, heart failure) have been the number one cause of death for years. They are responsible for around a third of all deaths.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) and acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) occupy a prominent place in the statistics.
Frequency and mortality in Switzerland
CVDs are responsible for around a third of all deaths. However, there is a positive trend with a decreasing mortality rate over decades, which indicates good prevention and medical care.
Incidence and mortality in other countries
Russia
The mortality rate for coronary heart disease is significantly higher than in many Western European countries. Studies show that there are several deaths in Russia in the same age group for every death in Western Europe. CVD is the most common cause of death.
Arab countries
Regional data (e.g. Saudi Arabia) indicate a growing burden. Strokes and CVD are a significant factor, often driven by high rates of diabetes, obesity and hypertension. The incidence (new cases) of stroke can be very high.
Switzerland
Western European standard
Continuous decline: Despite the fact that heart attacks remain the most common cause of death, mortality is falling steadily. This is attributed to improved living conditions (more exercise, healthier diet) and excellent acute care (rapid treatment of heart attacks).
Population age: As the population ages, the absolute number of people affected increases, but the age-standardized mortality rate decreases.
Russia
Eastern European standard
- High risk factors: The high mortality rate is often attributed to unfavorable lifestyle factors such as high alcohol consumption, smoking and unfavorable eating habits.
- Gap in care: There was evidence that the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) is less effective compared to Western countries, as medication is often not taken and controlled in line with guidelines.
Arabia
Arab countries
Metabolic epidemic : Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure are extremely common in many Arab countries in the Middle East (especially the Gulf States). These diseases are direct and strong risk factors for serious cardiac events such as heart attacks and strokes.
Earlier onset: PCD often occurs at a younger age in these regions than in Europe.
Heart attack in women
Myocardial infarction has long been considered a typical male disease, but it is also one of the most common causes of death in women. The peculiarity often lies in the symptoms and the diagnosis:
Atypical symptoms: Women show "atypical" or non-specific symptoms more often than the classic, severe chest pain that is dominant in men.
Common symptoms in women are
Shortness of breath or shortness of breath.
Pain in the upper abdomen, back, neck or jaw - often without severe chest pain.
Sudden, severe nausea and vomiting.
Extreme tiredness and weakness.
Later diagnosis: Due to these unspecific symptoms, the complaints are often misjudged by the patients themselves, their relatives and sometimes also by medical staff, or interpreted correctly at a later stage. As a result, women are often treated in hospital much later, which worsens the prognosis.
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All you have to do is focus on your health, your beauty and your recovery.
01.
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02.
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03.
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04.
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05.
Your treatment begins
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Switzerland as a location for cardiology treatments
Switzerland enjoys an excellent international reputation for its healthcare system. Reasons why Switzerland may be attractive for cardiology treatment include
High standards of care: Emergency care for acute cardiovascular events is considered to be very high by international standards.
Cutting-edge research and innovation: Thanks to the close connection between university hospitals and research funding (e.g. by the Swiss Heart Foundation), the latest scientific findings are quickly translated into modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
Access to experts and technology: Patients benefit from highly specialized cardiologists and state-of-the-art medical technology.
Specialty of pediatric cardiology
The paediatric cardiology department specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in unborn babies, infants, children and adolescents.
The special thing about it is:
Congenital heart defects: This is the main area. Many diseases, such as defects in the cardiac septum or narrowing of heart valves, are congenital and require special care from birth or even prenatally (before birth).
Growth and development: Treatment must take into account the growth and development of the child. A small heart reacts differently to that of an adult.
Acquired diseases: Acquired diseases such as inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis) or Kawasaki syndrome are also treated.
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